各位大侠们帮忙翻译一下经济类论文摘要_百度知道
各位大侠们帮忙翻译一下经济类论文摘要
摘要:以互联网为基础的信息技术、电子商务的快速发展呼唤着商品实物流通的配套发展，物流业已成为电子商务发展的重要支柱；电子商务送货的功能由物流企业承担，物流企业将成为代表所有生产企业及供应商向用户进行实物供应的最集中、最广泛的供应者。为此，各经济发达国家纷纷在物流领域进一步加强了研究和投资，以便适应并促进电子商务的发展。我国电子商务发展尚处初级阶段，在向规范、务实方向推进。由于我国物流业的专业化、社会化程度较低，物流时间过长正、物流成本过高已成为电子商务发展的主要制约因素，物流与支付被称为目前我国开展电子商务的两大瓶颈。面对电子商务在中国发展所遇到的“物流瓶颈”，不少专家学者提出了相应对策，但从目前笔者能得到的信息与资料看，人们在认识中存在两方面误区：一是没有认识到发展物流是一个对区域、部门、行业协作要求极高的社会系统工程，把整个社会由传统物流向现代物流转变的过程简单化，认为只要多建配送中心、营销网络就可以解决电子商务物流配送问题；二是仅强调发展第三方物流，忽视资源整合、结构优化等产业发展的全局性问题。本文认为，为适应电子商务发展的需要，我国物流业发展应标本兼治，从全国、全行业角度出发，建设开放、互联互通、经济有效的社会化物流配送体系。信息网络、电子商务的发展使我国物流业面临空前的机遇与挑战，一方面物流企业自身急需提高信息化水平，另一方面物流行业急需建立专业化、社会化的综合物流服务体系。借助信息网络建立开放、互联互通、经济有效的社会化物流配送体系，整合不同服务对象的需求，实现物流配送的规模经济、提供经济高效的物流服务，将成为电子商务环境下我国物流业发展的主要方向。关键字：电子商务
第三方物流
供应链管理 问题补充：请尽可能使用经济专业英语 最好是手工翻译 谢谢
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Abstract : Internet-based information technologies, the rapid development of e-business calls for the flow of goods in-kind support, E-commerce has become the logistics of t E-commerce functions from the delivery of logistics enterprises commitment logistics enterprises will be representative of all manufacturers and suppliers to users of the physical supply of the most concentrated, the most extensive supplier. Therefore, all economically developed countries have the logistics to further strengthen the research and investment to adapt to and facilitate the development of electronic commerce. China's e-commerce development is still at an initial stage, to the norms and pragmatic direction. Since China's logistics industry specialization, and lower the level of socialization, logistics is a long time. Logistics has become too costly development of electronic commerce in major constraint, logistics and payment known as China's e-commerce launch two major bottlenecks. Faced with the development of e-commerce in China has encountered in the &logistics bottlenecks&, many experts put forward countermeasures. But now I can with the information available information, which people understand there are two aspects Misunderstanding : First, it fails to recognize that the development of logistics is a regional, departmental and industrial collaboration highly demanding social system project. the entire society from traditional to modern logistics logistics transformation process simplistic, as long as the construction of more distribution centers Network marketing can solve the problem of e-commerce logist Second, only emphasized the development of third-party logistics, resources and integration, Structural optimization of the industrial development of the overall problem. This paper believes that to adapt to the needs of e-commerce development, the development of the logistics industry in China should treat from the country, industry-wide perspective, the construction of an open, interoperability, cost-effective logistics distribution of the social system. Information Network, the development of e-commerce in China logistics industry is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. While logistics enterprises is an urgent need to improve the level of information, on the other hand the urgent need to establish the logistics industry specialization, socially integrated logistics service system. The use of information networks and establish an open, interoperability, cost-effective logistics distribution of the social system, Integration of different clients needs and achieving economies of scale, logistics and distribution, economic and efficient logistics services, E-commerce will become China's development of the logistics industry as the main direction. Keywords : E-commerce Distribution 3PL supply chain management
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非常感谢你为我解了燃眉之急．小女子在这里万分感谢！
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Take the Internet as the foundation information technology, the electronic commerce fast development summons the commodity material object circulation necessary development, the physical distribution already to become the electronic commerce developmen Electronic commerce will deliver goods the function undertakes by the physical distribution enterprise, the physical distribution enterprise will become represents all production enterprise and the supplier carries on in kind to the user most centralized, the most widespread supplier.Therefore, various economical developed country in abundance further strengthened the research and the investment in the physical distribution domain, in order to adapt and promotes the electronic commerce development. Our country electronic commerce development place the initial stage, was still approaching standard, the practical direction advances.Because our country physical distribution industry specialization, the socialized degree are low, the physical distribution time excessively is long, the physical distribution cost excessively is high has become the electronic commerce development the main restriction factor, the physical distribution and the payment is been called present our country to develop electronic commerce two big bottlenecks.Develops “the physical distribution bottleneck” facing the electronic commerce in China which meets, many experts proposed the corresponding countermeasure, but the information and the material which can obtain from the present author looked, the people have two aspect erroneous zones in the understanding: One had not realized to the development physical distribution is one to the region, the department, the profession cooperation request extremely high society systems engineering, the entire society by the traditional physical distribution the process simplification which transforms to the modern physical distribution, thought so long as constructs the allocation center, the marketing network may solve the electronic commerce physical distributio Two is only emphasizes the development third party physical distribution, neglect industrial development and so on resources conformity, structure optimization overall importance questions. This article believed, for meets the electronic commerce need to develop, our country physical distribution industry development should treat the symptoms and the causes, from national, the entire profession angle embarks, the construction opens, the interconnection intercommunication, the economical effective socialization physical distribution allocation system.The information network, the electronic commerce development causes our country physical distribution industry faced with the unprecedented opportunity and the challenge, on the one hand physical distribution enterprise own urgent need enhancement informationization level, on the other hand physical distribution profession urgent need establishment specialization, socialized comprehensive physical distribution service system.Opens, the interconnection intercommunication, the economical effective socialization physical distribution allocation system with the aid of the information network establishment, the conformity different service object demand, the realization physical distribution allocation economies of scale, provides the economical highly effective physical distribution service, will become under the electronic commerce environment our country physical distribution industry development main direction. Key words: Electronic commerce physical distribution allocation third party physical distribution supply chain management
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出门在外也不愁谁能帮我把医学论文的摘要翻译成英文的？？我不要谷歌在线翻译的，想找个英文牛X的帮帮忙！！_百度知道
谁能帮我把医学论文的摘要翻译成英文的？？我不要谷歌在线翻译的，想找个英文牛X的帮帮忙！！
【摘要】 颈源性高血压主要是由于颈部病变引起的血压增高，在祖国医学中，属于“头痛”、“眩晕”、“痹证”等范畴。随着现代医学的不断发展，人们对颈源性高血压的认识亦不断深入，认识到它是许多中老年高血压患者的病变类型，占高血压发病率的25%以上，并非是“原发性”高血压。本文主要就颈源性高血压病因病机、临床表现特点等进行深入剖析，并将近年治疗颈源性高血压的有效手段进行分析归纳，以期为今后临床进一步的诊疗和研究提供参考。【关键词】颈源性高血压；颈部负荷；隐匿性颈椎病变；颈部保健
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[Abstract] neck-originated hypertension is mainly due to cervical lesions caused by increased blood pressure, in the motherland medicine, belonging to the &headache&, &vertigo&, &Bi syndrome&. As the development of modern medicine, people's understanding of cervical hypertension has been thorough, recognize that it is the type of lesion in elderly patients with hypertension for many of the incidence of hypertension, accounted for more than 25%, is not a &primary& hypertension. In this paper, neck-originated hypertension pathogenesis, clinical features, in-depth analysis, and the effective means in the treatment of cervical hypertension were analyzed and summarized, in order to provide a reference for future clinical further treatment and research. [key
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出门在外也不愁求一位大侠帮忙把论文翻译成英文~100分 谢谢 燃气锅炉房的电气防爆设计 摘 要：通过分析燃气锅炉房事故原_百度知道
求一位大侠帮忙把论文翻译成英文~100分 谢谢 燃气锅炉房的电气防爆设计 摘 要：通过分析燃气锅炉房事故原
2 事故原因的分析 分析燃气锅炉房事故的原因，有两种可能：锅炉本体爆炸、锅炉房爆炸性气体达到爆炸浓度而发生爆炸。 锅炉本体爆炸，是因为在炉膛或烟道内有爆炸性混合气体存在，当达到爆炸极限，被明火或锅炉本身的高温引燃造成事故。这一点与《建筑设计防火规范》相关条文说明相符。实际目前锅炉产品已经考虑了安全生产措施来避免。合格的燃气锅炉本身有防爆工艺设计，如燃烧器在异常情况自动停机，自控装置也停止输出燃料；燃气锅炉燃烧系统自动化程度较高，包括了燃气压力高、低限报警保护等，当控制到哪步逻辑判断不满足设定条件时，启动相应联锁保护。 避免了锅炉本体爆炸可能性，但是仍然存在上述的另外一种可能，能否避免？如何避免？ 3 应对措施 其实在设计中，根据《锅炉房设计规范》和《火灾自动报警系统设计规范》GB等规范，我们已经采取了以下措施： 天然气管道上阀门、表计等可能发生天然气泄漏处，锅炉间可能会产生天然气存积区域[相对密度0.8，一般是在屋顶区域]，在这些部位均设有可燃气体浓度检测报警装置，根据可燃气体浓度情况发出声光报警信号及启动事故排风机，当泄漏浓度达到爆炸极限下限的50%[该值仅供参考]，还立即关闭天然气源进气总管的总进气电磁阀。 在锅炉房及有天然气管线进出的房间，设置事故排烟风机，还与可燃气体报警器联锁（启动）。 电气、仪表用电缆选用铜芯，最小截面不低于1.5mm2。 燃气放散管的管顶或其附近应设置避雷针，其针尖高出管顶不应小于3m，并使其保护范围高出管顶不小于1m。 燃气管道应有静电接地装置，当管道为金属材料时，可与防雷或电气工程接地保护线相连，其实测电阻值R≤4Ω。在管道连接处，如弯头、法兰、阀门等处不能与金属管道良好接触，也用金属软线将两端跨接。 在锅炉房及有天然气管线进出的房间门、窗采取泄压措施。 根据《爆炸和火灾危险环境电力装置设计规范》第2.2.2条，符合下列条件之一时，可划为非爆炸危险区域：第3项，在生产过程中使用明火的设备附近；结合上述几条措施可以明确，电气设备选型为非防爆。 同时根据《爆炸和火灾危险环境电力装置设计规范》第2.2.2条，符合下列条件之一时，可划为非爆炸危险区域：第2项，易燃物质可能出现的最高浓度不超过爆炸下限的10%；关闭天然气源进气总管的总进气电磁阀时，浓度超过爆炸极限下限的10%，锅炉间屋顶附近区域是天然气存积区域，所以照明灯具及开关选用是防爆型。 4 结论 在燃气锅炉房电气设计中，照明选用防爆灯具，其它部分采用非防爆型。参考文献[1]锅炉房设计规范.GB.[2]爆炸和火灾危险环境电力装置设计规范.GB.[3]建筑设计防火规范.GB.[4]火灾自动报警系统设计规范.GB.
不要软件直译的 谢谢各位啊
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2 accident reason analysis Analysis of gas boiler room the cause of the accident, there are two possible: boiler ontology explosion, boiler room to explode gas explosion concentration and explosions. Boiler blast furnace body, because be in, or flue gas mixture in explosive existence, when achieved by fire or explosion limit, boiler heat ignites causing accidents in itself. This point and the national norm of building fire system that conform to the relevant provisions. The actual current boiler product has considered safe production measures to avoid it. Qualified gas boiler itself has the explosion-proof process design, such as burner in abnormal situation automatic stop, self-control device also stop output fuel, Gas boiler combustion system higher automatization, including the gas pressure is high, low limit alarm protection, when the control logic where step does not meet the conditions set start corresponding interlock protection. Avoid the boiler exploded possibility, but still ontology exist above another possibility, can avoid? How to avoid it? Three measures In fact in design, according to the boiler design code &and& automatic fire alarm system design code &GB etc standard, we have taken the following measures: Natural gas pipelines valves, meter, may occur gas leak place, boiler room may produce gas storage product area [relative density 0.8, it is to be in commonly roof area in these areas], all equipped with combustible gas concentration measurement alarm device, according to combustible gas concentration situation give out sound and light alarm signal and start exhaust fan, when leakage accident concentrations reach explosion limit of the lower limit 50% [this value for reference only], but also immediately close natural air intake duct total intake solenoid valves. In the boiler room and a natural gas pipeline in and out of the room, the incident, but also with the smoke exhaust fan combustible gas alarm interlocking (start). Electrical, instrument by cable selection TongXin, not less than 1.5 mm2 minimum section. Gas radiation tube tube top or the nearby, the lightning rod should be installed above the pipe jacking tip should be not less than 3m, and its scope of protection tube top above not less than 1-m. Gas pipeline should be static grounding device that, when pipeline as metal materials, and lightning protection or electrical engineering protective grounding wire connected, the measured resistance R more than 4 Ω. In pipe joints, such as the bend, flange, valve and pipe with good place cannot metal contact, also with metal soft line will be both ends jumper. In the boiler room and a natural gas pipeline in and out of the room door, window take pressure measures. According to the explosion and fire dangerous environment electrical device design specification &the laws 2.2.2 bar, accord with one of the following conditions may, when the explosion danger area: devin in item 3, in the process of production use fire equipment near, A combination of these several measures can clearly, electrical equipment selection for the explosion. At the same time according to the explosion and fire dangerous environment electrical device design specification &the laws 2.2.2 bar, accord with one of the following conditions may, when the explosion danger area devin: the first 2 items, and the highest possible flammable explosive chroma does not exceed 10% of the lower limit, Close air intake duct natural total intake solenoid valves, concentration exceed 10% of the lower limit explosion limit, boiler room near the roof area are gas storage product area, so lighting lamps and lanterns and switch choosing is explosion-proof type. 4 conclusion In gas boiler room electrical design, lighting choose explosion-proof lamps, other part adopts the explosion-proof type. references [1] boiler design standard. GB. [2] explosion and fire dangerous environment electrical device design standard. GB. [3] the code for fire protection design of buildings. GB. [4] automatic fire alarm system design standard. GB.
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十分感谢~~
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可怜的娃儿，这是专业人员才可以翻译的。不过太长了。有时间我再帮你翻译吧。
是啊。。。谢谢啊
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出门在外也不愁医学论文摘要英文翻译求助_百度知道
医学论文摘要英文翻译求助
谁能帮忙翻译下论文摘要啊。。。急求、、、
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用谷歌在线翻译，然后自己调整一下语句就可以了。
花点钱找人翻译吧，百度一下“旋威医学编译”，咨询一下。
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出门在外也不愁