患者，男性，76岁，脑出血，昏迷。护士取下患者的活动性假牙后，正确的处置方法是 A．浸泡于_答案_百度高考
患者，男性，76岁，脑出血，昏迷。护士取下患者的活动性假牙后，正确的处置方法是
A．浸泡于乙醇中B．煮沸后浸泡于水中C．浸泡于冷开水中D．浸泡于清洗消毒液中E．浸泡于口洁灵漱口液中
第-1小题正确答案及相关解析当前位置： &
& 国际牙外伤协会的年轻恒牙外伤管理指南1（2007年版）（张增方...
张增方医生信息页
国际牙外伤协会的年轻恒牙外伤管理指南1（2007年版）（张增方...
&&&&文章来源： 发布时间：
Guidelines for the management
of traumatic dental injuries. I. Fractures and luxations of permanent teeth
牙外伤指南1 恒牙折断及脱位&Fig 1. (a) A 9-year-old girl visiting the emergency dental clinic 30 min after falling from a bicycle. (b) (close up view of Fig. 1a) Clinical examination showing lateral luxation of the left central incisor with fracture of the alveolar process. The incisor is luxated to a superior and labial position.
图1（a）9岁女孩儿从单车上摔下，30分钟后到急诊科就诊。临床检查可见左上中切牙侧方脱位，伴有牙槽突骨折。中切牙向上唇侧方向脱位。Fig. 2. Crown fracture of right
central incisor and crown-root fracture of left central incisor.
图2 &&右侧上中切牙冠折及左侧上中切牙冠根折Fig. 3. Intrusive luxation of
right lateral and central incisors. Crown fractures are seen on both intruded
incisors and the
adjacent left central incisor.
图3&右侧侧切牙及中切牙挫入性脱位。两个挫入牙及左侧中切牙见冠折。&
年轻恒牙牙折及牙槽突骨折的治疗指南
Treatment guidelines for
fractures of teeth and alveolar bone
Clinical findings
Radiographic
Uncomplicated crown fracture
Fracture involves
the pulp is not exposed.
Sensibility
testing may be negative initially indicating tra
monitor pulpal
response until a definitive pulpal diagnosis can be made
非复杂性冠折
牙折累及釉质或釉本质；未露髓。
敏感试验最初可能阴性，意味着暂时性的牙髓创伤，需监控牙髓反应直到诊断明确
The 3 angulations
described in radiographic examination to rule out displacement or fracture of
Radiograph of lip
or cheek lacerations is recommended to search for tooth fragments
or foreign
三角度牙片？？来明确牙移位及根折情况。
建议唇颊部软组织影像来排除牙碎片及异物
If tooth fragment
is available, it can be bonded to the tooth.
Urgent care
option is to cover the exposed dentin with a material such as glass ionomer or
a permanent restoration using a bonding agent and composite resin.
Definitive
treatment for the fractured crown may be restoration with accepted dental restorative
如果能找到冠折片可将其粘结于牙齿。
紧急处理措施是尽快覆盖暴露的牙本质，可用玻璃或粘结剂加永久树脂恢复冠外形。
明确的治疗方案是：用可接受的材料恢复冠外形。
Complicated crown fracture
Fracture involves
enamel and dentin and the pulp is exposed.
Sensibility
testing is usually not indicated initially since vitality of the pulp can be
visualized.
Follow-up control visits after initial treatment includes sensibility testing
to monitor pulpal status
复杂性冠折
牙折累及釉质或釉本质；已露髓。
&？？最初的敏感试验常常
不明确因为可见活髓。
初诊治疗结束后应多次复诊进行明显敏感试验仪明确牙髓状态
The 3 angulations
described in radiographic examination to rule out displacement or fracture of
the root. Radiograph of lip or cheek lacerations is recommended to search for
tooth fragments
or foreign
The stage of root
development can be determined from the radiographs
三角度牙片？？来明确牙移位及根折情况。
建议唇颊部软组织影像来排除牙碎片及异物
影像学可明确牙根的发育阶段
In young patients
with immature, still developing teeth, it is advantageous to
preserve pulp
vitality by pulp capping or partial pulpotomy. This treatment is also the choice
in young patients with completely formed teeth. Calcium hydroxide and MTA (white)
are suitable materials for such procedures.
patients, root canal treatment can be the treatment of choice, although pulp capping
or partial pulpotomy may also be selected.
&If too much time elapses between accident
and treatment and the pulp becomes necrotic, root canal treatment is
indicated to preserve the tooth.
&In extensive crown fractures a decision must
be made whether treatment other than extraction is feasible
对于年轻恒牙应尽量通过盖髓术或冠髓切断术来保存活髓；
对于牙根发育完全的年轻患者也可采取通过盖髓术或冠髓切断术来保存活髓；
氢氧化钙或MTA是合适的材料；
对于年龄稍大的患者可考虑选择RCT，然而仍可采用盖髓术或冠髓切断术。
如果外伤就诊时间太迟已经发生牙髓坏死， RCT是明确的治疗方案。
对于大面积的冠折，应考虑是否治疗还是拔除。？
Crown-root fracture
Fracture involves
enamel, denti the pulp may or may not be
Additional findings may include loose, but still attached, segments of the
tooth (Fig. 2).
Sensibility
testing is usually positive
牙折累及釉质，牙本质及根部；可能露髓或未露髓；检查可及松动，但折断片仍与牙连接（图2）
敏感试验阳性
As in root
fractures, more than one radiographic
angle may be
necessary to detect fracture lines in the root (see radiographic examination)
必要时可采用多角度牙片判断根折线的位置
recommendations are the same as for complicated crown fractures (see above).
In addition,
attempts at stabilizing loose segments of the tooth by bonding may be
advantageous, at least as a temporary measure, until a definitive treatment
plan can be formulated
治疗建议同复杂性冠折
另外，可尝试固定粘结折断片，只少可做为在明确治疗方案之前的一种临时性的方法
《牙外伤手册》26页中B建议切除腭侧牙槽骨，是否值得这么做，种植医师的意见？？
冠根折的治疗目的多是为后期做桩核冠修复而延长根使其达龈上做准备
Root fracture
The coronal
segment may be mobile and may be displaced.
The tooth may be
tender to percussion.
Sensibility
testing may give negative results initially, indicating transient or
per monitoring the status of the pulp is recommended.
Transient crown discoloration (red or grey) may occur
冠断片可能松动或移位，叩痛明显，最初敏感试验阴性，意味着牙髓创伤，建议监测牙髓状态，可能出现暂时性的牙冠变色
The fracture
involves the root of the tooth and is in a horizontal or diagonal plane.
Fractures that are in the horizontal plane can usually be detected in the
regular 90_ angle film with the central beam through the tooth. This is
usually the case with fractures in the cervical third of the root. If the
plane of fracture is more diagonal, which is common with apical third
fractures, an occlusal view is more likely to demonstrate the fracture
including those located in the middle third
根部涉及水平吧或斜面的折断。水平折断常常可由90度投照可见，此种折断常见于颈部根折；呈斜面的折断在根中或根尖部折断常见，可采用咬合片协助诊断
Reposition, if
displaced, the coronal segment of the tooth as soon as possible. Check
position radiographically. Stabilize the tooth with a flexible splint for 4
weeks. If the root fracture is near the cervical area of the tooth,
stabilization is beneficial for a longer period of time (up to 4 months). It
is advisable to monitor healing for at least 1 year to determine pulpal
status. If pulp necrosis develops, root canal treatment of the coronal tooth
segment to the fracture line is indicated to preserve the tooth
若存在移位，尽可能将冠方部分复位，并拍定位牙片，将患牙弹性固位4周。
若根折靠近牙颈部，应将固定时间延长（可4个月以上）。
复查牙髓状态1年，若出现牙髓坏死，行冠方部分RCT以保留患牙。
？？为什么只做冠方部分，若颈部及中不折断也是这样吗？？根部髓不会感染吗？？不会残髓炎吗？临床具体怎么操作？才知道刚刚好做到了根折处。
Alveolar bone fracture
The fracture
involves the alveolar bone and
may extend to
adjacent bone. Segment mobility and dislocation are common findings. An
occlusal change due to
misalignment of
the fractured alveolar segment is often noted. Sensibility testing may or may
牙槽突骨折
骨折累及牙槽骨，且可累及临骨？？
常存在折断片松动及移位，咬合关系改变，
牙敏感试验阴性或阳性
Fractures lines
may be located at any level,
from the marginal
bone to the root apex.
The panoramic
technique is of great help in determining the course and position of fracture
骨折线可能位于从骨边缘（牙颈部）到根尖的任何水平。
全景片可明确骨折线的位置及走向。
Reposition any
displaced segment and then
splint. Stabilize
the segment for 4 weeks
移位断片复位及夹板固定。
固定4周后拆除。
恒牙折断及牙槽突折断的复查程序
6–8 weeks
Uncomplicated
crown fracture
Complicated crown
Crown-root
Root fracture
S(*) + C(2)
Alveolar fracture
S, splint removal.
S (*), splint removal in
cervical third fractures.
C, clinical and radiographic
examination
恒牙折断及牙槽突折断一些好的或坏的预后情况
Favorable outcome
Unfavorable
positive resp continuing root
development in
immature teeth. Continue to next evaluation
无症状；活力测阳性；
年轻恒牙牙根继续发育；
继续评估；
negative resp signs of apical
continuing root development in immature teeth.
Root canal
treatment is indicated
有临床症状；活力测阴性；有根尖周炎的迹象；年轻恒牙牙根未能继续发育；需RCT
Positive response
to pulp testing (false negative possible up
to 3 months).
Signs of repair between fractured segments.
Continue to next
evaluation
Negative response
to pulp testing (false negative possible up to
3 months).
Clinical signs of periodontitis. Radiolucency adjacent to
fracture line. Root canal treatment is indicated only to the line of
fracture（临床上怎么操作达到这个？）
活力测阴性（可能3月以上假阴性？？），有根尖周炎的临床症状；邻近折断线处见低密度影。RCT只达折断处，保留根髓
Positive response
to pulp testing (false negative possible up to
3 months). No
signs of apical periodontitis. Continue
evaluation
活力测阳性（3月以上假阴性）；
无根尖周炎的signs迹象
Negative response
to pulp testing (false negative possible up to
3 months). Signs
of apical periodontitis or external inflammatory resorption. Root canal
treatment is indicated
活力测阴性（可能3月以上假阴性）；
有根尖周炎及根外表吸收的迹象；（见《牙外伤手册》51页关于“感染引起根吸收的治疗”）
牙脱位治疗指南
Treatment guidelines for luxation injuries
Clinical findings
Radiographic
Concussion
The tooth is
tender it has not been displaced and does not have
increased mobility.
Sensibility tests
are likely to give positive results
牙齿轻触敏感，叩痛明显，无移位及松动。敏感试验阳性。
No radiographic
abnormalities
无影像学异常
No treatment is
needed. Monitor pulpal condition for at least 1 year
无需处理。复查牙髓状况至少一年。
Subluxation
The tooth is
tender to touch or tapping and ha it has not been
displaced.
Bleeding from
gingival crevice may be noted.
Sensibility
testing may be negative initially indicating transient pulpal damage. Monitor
pulpal response until a definitive pulpal diagnosis can be made
亚脱位（牙松动）
牙齿轻触敏感，叩痛明显；有一定松动但无移位；
可见龈沟出血；
敏感试验最初可阴性，表示暂时性牙髓创伤；
需复查牙髓反应直到明确牙髓诊断
Radiographic
abnormalities are usually not found
影像学常无异常。
A flexible splint
to stabilize the tooth for patient comfort can be used for up to 2 weeks
采用弹性夹板固定至少2周，以减轻患者不适。
The tooth appears
elongated and is excessively
Sensibility tests
will likely give negative results.
&In mature teeth, pulp revascularization some
occurs. In
immature, not fully developed teeth,
revascularization usually occurs
牙部分脱位
牙伸长，松动明显。
敏感试验可能阴性。
在发育完成的恒牙有时也可出现牙髓血管再生；在年轻恒牙常可出现牙髓再生。
periodontal ligament space apically
根尖部可见牙周膜间隙增宽
Reposition the
tooth by gently re-inserting it
into the tooth
socket. Stabilize the tooth for
2 weeks using a
flexible splint. Monitoring the
pulpal condition
is essential to diagnose root
resorption. In
immature developing teeth, revascularization
can be confirmed
radiographically by
evidence of
continued root formation and pulp
obliteration and usually return to response
to sensibility
testing. In fully formed teeth, a
continued lack of
response to sensibility testing
should be taken
as evidence of pulp necrosis
together with
periapical rarification and
discoloration
用轻柔力将脱位牙复位于牙槽窝；弹性夹板固位脱位牙2周；
？？定期复查牙髓状态对诊断根吸收是必要的（？牙髓坏死感染是造成根吸收的原因）（恒牙出现根吸收的机会不大吧？预后一般是：年轻恒牙出现根管闭锁，成熟恒牙出现牙髓坏死，且年轻恒牙预后要好些）
对于年轻恒牙可通过X线片复查确定是否出现牙髓血管再生，如果有再生则牙根会继续发育及出现根管闭锁，而且常常会出现敏感试验恢复正常。
对于成熟恒牙，持续的敏感试验无反应就意味着牙髓坏死，可能伴随出现根尖周rarification？？，有时还会出现牙冠变色。
Lateral luxation
The tooth is displaced,
usually in a palatal/lingual or labial direction (Fig. 1a, b). It will be
immobile and percussion usually gives a high, metallic
(ankylotic)
Sensibility tests
will likely give negative results.
In immature, not
fully developed teeth, pulpal revascularization
usually occurs
牙齿出现了向唇/腭向或侧方移位；（视）
牙齿不松，叩诊呈高调固连音；（触叩）
敏感试验阴性；
年轻恒牙常出现牙髓再生
The widened
periodontal ligament space is best seen on eccentric or occlusal
咬合片可见牙周膜间隙增宽
Reposition the
tooth with forceps to disengage it from its bony lock and gently reposition
it into its original location. Stabilize the tooth for 4 weeks using a
flexible splint. Monitor the pulpal condition. If the pulp becomes necrotic,
root canal treatment is indicated to prevent root resorption. In immature,
developing teeth, revascularization can be confirmed radiographically by evidence
of continued root formation and possibly by positive sensibility testing.
In fully formed teeth,
a continued lack of response to sensibility testing indicates pulp necrosis,
along with periapical rarification and sometimes crown discoloration
牙钳松解骨内锁结，予轻柔复位到原来的位置；
弹性夹板固定4周；
复查牙髓状态；如果出现牙髓坏死，及时行RCT以避免牙根吸收？？（牙髓坏死与牙根吸收的关系，成熟恒牙也容易出现牙根吸收？？临床见到的多吗?）
对于年轻恒牙可通过X线片检查牙根继续发育的情况来确定是否出现牙髓血管再生，也可通过牙髓反应来证明。
对于成熟恒牙，持续的敏感试验无反应就意味着牙髓坏死，可能伴随出现根尖周rarification？？，有时还会出现牙冠变色。
The tooth is
displaced axially into the alveolar bone.
It is immobile
and percussion may give a high, metallic (ankylotic) sound (Fig. 3).
Sensibility tests
will likely give negative results.
In immature, not
fully developed teeth, pulpal revascularization may occur
牙齿轴向移位至牙槽骨；
牙齿不松，叩诊呈高调固连音；
敏感试验阴性；
年轻恒牙可能出现牙髓再生
The periodontal
ligament space may be absent from all or part of the root
牙周膜间隙完全消失或部分消失
1. Teeth with
incomplete root formation:
Allow spontaneous
repositioning to take place. If no movement is noted within 3 weeks,
recommend rapid
orthodontic repositioning.
2. Teeth with
complete root formation:
The tooth should
be repositioned either orthodontically or surgically as soon as possible.
The pulp will
likely be necrotic and root canal treatment using a temporary filling with
calcium hydroxide is recommended to retain the tooth
年轻恒牙：可任其自行萌出；若3周内无任何移出，建议快速正畸牵出。
（局麻下轻轻摇松解除锁结，任其自行萌出，，或正畸牵引，保证3周内复位，这样一旦发生牙髓坏死或炎性吸收可及时RCT----- 40页 《牙外伤》葛立宏译）
成熟恒牙：应尽快正畸复位或外科手术复位；一般都会发生牙髓坏死，应行RCT，并建议暂时用氢氧化钙充填根管以保留患牙。
（不可能自行萌出；可外科复位或正畸牵引复位；正畸牵引应在3周内完成；之后行预防性牙髓摘除；需密切观察牙折牙髓并发症----40页 《牙外伤》葛立宏译）
牙完全脱出属于另一种不同的系列& 见年轻恒牙外伤指南2
Follow-up procedures for
luxated permanent teeth&脱位恒牙的复查程序
5y内每年复查
牙震荡/亚脱位
牙部分脱出
牙侧方移位
S, splint removal.夹板拆除&& C, clinical and
radiographic examination.临床及X线检查&& NA, not applicable.
Favorable and unfavorable
outcomes include some, but not necessarily all of the following良性和不良预后
Favorable outcomes
unfavorable outcomes
positive response
to pulp testing (false negative possible up to 3 months);
continuing root development
intact lamina
无临床症状；
牙髓活力测阳性（可能出现3个月以上的假阳性）；
年轻恒牙的牙根继续形成；
牙周膜完好？完美的根尖周表现？
negative response
to pulp testing (false negative possible up to 3 months);
no continuing
root development in immature teeth, periradicular radiolucencies
有临床症状；
牙髓活力测阴性（3个月以上的假阴性？？）；
年轻恒牙牙根停止发育；
根尖周出现低密度影；
no excessive radiolucency periradicularly
轻微的临床症状；
轻度松动；
根尖周无低密度影
clinical and
radiographic signs of periodontitis.
Root canal
treatment is indicated in a closed apex tooth.
In immature
teeth, apexification procedures are indicated
严重的临床症状；
严重的松动；
临床及X线支持根尖周炎；
成熟恒牙行RCT;
年轻恒牙行根尖诱导术
clinical and
radiographic signs of normal or positive response to
pulp testing (false negative possible up to 3 months). Marginal bone height
corresponds to that seen radiographically after repositioning
无临床症状；
临床及X线检查正常，牙周愈合良好；
牙髓活力测试正常（3月以上的假阳性）
牙槽突边缘高度与刚复位时一致
Symptoms and
radiographic sign consisten
negative response
to pulp testing (false negative possible up to 3 months); breakdown of
marginal bone？？. Splint for
additional 3- to 4- root canal treatment
is indicated if not previously initiated？？;
chlorhexidine
mouth rinse
临床表现及X线显示根尖周炎；
牙髓活力测试阴性（3个月以上的假阳性）；
牙槽突出现吸收，
继续夹板固定3到4周，
Tooth in place or
intact lamina
no signs of resorption. In mature teeth, start the root canal treatment
within the first 3 weeks
牙就位并再萌；
根尖周完好？，未出现牙根吸收；
成熟恒牙在3周内开始RCT
Tooth locked in
place/ankylotic tone？？; radiographic signs of
inflammatory resorption or replacement resorption？
X线诊断根尖周炎；
外缘炎性吸收或内吸收？？
Splinting guidelines for tooth/bone fractures and
luxated/avulsed teeth
三、牙/骨折断及脱位/脱出的夹板固定指南
Splinting times 固定时间
Type of injury Splinting time
Subluxation&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 2 weeks
Extrusive luxation&&&&&&&&&&&&& 2 weeks
Avulsion&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&2 weeks
Lateral luxation&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 4 weeks
Root fracture (middle
third)&&&&& 4 weeks
Alveolar fracture&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 4 weeks
Root fracture (cervical
third)&&&& 4 months
Type of splints 固定的种类
Acid-etch bonded composite
splints are recommended, e.g. wire-composite splints and TTS (titanium trauma
splint). For detailed description of splinting see current textbooks and
推荐全酸树脂夹板固定，例如加强丝-树脂夹板或外科钛丝夹板。夹板的详细描述详见文献。References
Andreasen JO, Andreasen F, Andersson L. Textbook and color atlas of traumatic
injuries to the teeth, 4th edn.
Blackwell M 2007.
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&&&&str5132ing3&& 00:00
提问：三岁半儿童多颗牙齿是龋齿，能否一次治疗？何时治疗?
所患疾病：
病情描述（发病时间、主要症状、就诊医院等）：宝宝在七个月时刚一长小门牙时，就出现了小黑洞，后来长到二岁左右时，曾带宝宝去儿童医院牙科去看过，医生说宝宝太小，还治不了，现在宝宝后面的大牙也已有黑洞，大的黑洞差不多有黄豆粒大小了，近来，还出现过两次牙痛曾经治疗情况和效果：想得到怎样的帮助：现在宝宝有9颗牙齿是龋齿，能一次治疗吗？治疗过程需要多久？费用大约是多少？（呵呵，会很贵吗）现在宝宝三岁半了，能开始治疗了吗？（儿童医院的大夫说要到宝宝四五岁才能开始治疗呢）
医生回复：&&&&&&&& 00:00
给您宝贝好好刷牙哈！饭后就刷，每日三次，进食就漱口，可减慢蛀牙发展进程。
&&&&wy&& 00:00
提问：三岁十个月
所患疾病：
病情描述（发病时间、主要症状、就诊医院等）：患儿三岁十个月，平日体健，一年前出现门牙龋齿，半年前其牙龈部出现血肿，在社区就诊，诊断；上火。服抗生素好转，之后反复发作。曾经治疗情况和效果：当地医院治疗方案 ；钻开压根部处理，孩子小未做。之后反复发做自服抗生素后好转。想得到怎样的帮助：希望您给给一些治疗建议 ！不知会不会对孩子以后换牙有影响 。谢谢
医生回复：&&&&&&&& 00:00
给您宝贝好好刷牙哈！饭后就刷，每日三次，进食就漱口，可减慢蛀牙发展进程。
&&&&jinuezh123&& 00:00
提问：牙齿腐蚀牙齿变黄了掉了一块
所患疾病：
牙齿腐蚀是什么原因
病情描述（发病时间、主要症状、就诊医院等）：10各月左右,牙齿腐烂,没有就诊.曾经治疗情况和效果：没有看过想得到怎样的帮助：想知道对孩子有影响么,怎么才能不在扩展了
医生回复：&&&&&&&& 00:00
很高兴能帮到您，建议如下：
1.建议尽快到口腔科就诊仔细检查下；
2.看您描述病情应该是蛀牙，学名龋齿，是过多进食甜食，又刷牙清洁不到位引起的，更要避免含奶瓶睡觉的坏习惯；
3.如果不治疗或清洁不当继续发展了，可能感染牙神经引起疼痛，严重的甚至可能影响继承恒牙胚的发育，最终影响您宝宝6岁时替换门牙的靓丽度哦
&&&&donch50gxiao&& 00:00
提问：4岁小孩两边大牙各一个牙洞，该如何治疗。
所患疾病：
病情描述（主要症状、发病时间）：曾经治疗情况和效果：想得到怎样的帮助：化验、检查结果：
医生回复：&&&&&&&& 00:00
谢谢您的提问，您宝贝的问题诊断很明确：深龋或能已有牙髓炎症，也就是通常说的蛀牙引起的牙齿发炎，应尽早治疗。
乳牙龋进展迅速，可能很快就会发展到牙髓及根尖部引起疼痛，主要是炎症扩散发展可能感染继承恒牙胚，造成继承恒牙的发育问题（如特纳牙等）。所以应尽快治疗。
建议如下：
1.尽快到正规医院口腔科治疗。
2.治疗方法：先拍牙片及临床检查，若未露牙神经可直接补牙观察疗效，若已经露牙神经，则需行根管治疗，去除牙根感染细菌。
&&&&wuyerryihui&& 00:00
提问：7周岁儿童可以拔大牙吗
所患疾病：
病情描述（发病时间、主要症状、就诊医院等）：7周岁儿童后牙龋齿严重无法修补曾经治疗情况和效果：经常疼痛想得到怎样的帮助：孩子小能不能拔掉这颗牙齿
会不会对以后换牙有影响
医生回复：&&&&&&&& 00:00
因您描述不清，我难以确定您所指大牙是乳牙，还是“六龄齿”的恒牙，治疗原则大不相同的。
建议如下：
1.到口腔科就诊，明确牙位；
2.若是乳牙则两种可能：A、拍牙片看根尖情况及继承恒牙的情况，尽量治疗试保留患牙；B、若病情严重确实无法保留该乳牙，可考虑拔除，并做间隙保持器保护好拔牙间隙。
3.若是“六龄齿”的恒牙，则很是珍贵，此牙是新萌的新牙，以后没得替换的牙了，是跟你宝宝一生的牙齿，而且该牙是全口牙列建立咬合的关键牙，治疗时一定要慎重，一般不考虑拔除的。
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提问：三岁半儿童多颗牙齿是龋齿，能否一次治疗？何时治疗?
患者 wy 给留言
提问：三岁十个月
所患疾病：
患者 jinuezh123 给留言
提问：牙齿腐蚀牙齿变黄了掉了一块
所患疾病：
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