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吃人参有什么好处 同仁堂西洋参价格多少
最新总结《吃人参有什么好处 同仁堂西洋参价格多少》具体如下《主要≌内容》人参为名贵药材，具有补气、固表、回阳、救逆等功效,所以价格也很昂贵，那么更应该认真地选购它了，如何选购呢？人参加工产品种类繁多， 各具特色，质量差异大，但只要把握以下几点就可以买到放心满意的人参： 1、勿选抽沟严重、坚而不实的人参。无论红参还是生晒参出现这种现象有二种可能： 一是人参参龄短；二是加工过程中管理不当，造成脱浆，出现抽沟、萎缩现象。这样不仅营养价值大打折扣，而且在潮湿的环境中易吸潮变软、发霉变质。 2、勿选参根破肚开裂，参根形体碎小，无光泽的人参。参根破肚开裂导致浆液外溢，营养成分流失； 外生内熟、有生心，在潮湿的环境中易吸潮变软，不利保存。对红参来说， 营养价值取决于参根形状的大小和色泽的好坏。因此，在购买时一定要选择参根较大、参形完整、有光泽的人参。 3、注意人参的包装方式、标签标识应齐全。采用密封包装或真空包装的人参，由于其与外界隔绝好，可避免发生虫蛀、发霉变质等情况。因此，在选用人参时,要看清它的作用才可选用，不要一味地去选购。喜欢在网上购买人参的朋友可以到偶的博客看看哦！如果你想了解淘宝网人参店详情，可点击以下网址进入偶的个人博客：
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吃人参有什么好处 同仁堂西洋参价格多少
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Powered by当前位置：&>&>中材真伪鉴别新方法（DNA分子标记鉴别技术）
中材真伪鉴别新方法（DNA分子标记鉴别技术）
发布日期: 15:13:58来源： 编辑:dj_hmt
摘要：中材真伪鉴别新方法（DNA分子标记鉴别技术）
　　中种类繁多，运用前史悠久，产区广泛。因为地舆和前史的缘由，材种类紊乱，基源杂乱，如仅《中华人民共和国典》2000年版收载的534种中材，即有143种为多基源(二基源以上)，占收载总数的27%。加之中的同名异物或同物异名表象普遍存在以及伪品、混杂品和误用品等要素，对中的化学成分和理效果的研讨、制剂出产、临床效果及推行运用等都有直接影响，严峻影响了中医的诺言。一起，即使是同种材，因为产地不一样、野生与培养以及成长年限不一样都表现出质量和效果上的区别，这些疑问为中材辨别办法提出了新的应战，依靠经典形状分类以及传统辨别办法已无法满意辨别的需求。跟着各种领先仪器以及分子生物学的开展，各种新的辨别办法亦纷繁推出，如红外光谱辨别、化学指纹图谱辨别以及DNA分子符号辨别等，中材辨别范畴显现出了繁荣的活力。
　　这些年，以PCR为根底的DNA分子符号辨别技能在中材真伪辨别中发挥了重要的效果，一起，在多基源种类的辨别及道地材辨别中也锋芒毕露，显现出了无穷的远景。以人参、西洋参的分子符号辨别研讨为例，能够清楚地看出中材分子符号辨别的研讨轨道。从1994年AP-PCR初次用于人参、西洋参的辨别以来，已有24篇有关的报导，依照所用办法的不一样可分为三种：
　　①依据PCR技能的办法有18篇文献，其间运用随机引物如RAPD和Ap-PCR等的有9篇，运用特异引物如MARMS、SCAR等的3篇，AFLP的3篇，PCR-RFLP的3篇；
　　②运用DNA测序技能的有7篇；
　　③依据分子杂交的办法有1篇，首要对于重复序列。
　　有的报导中一起运用两种办法，如一起运用ITS序列剖析与RAPD、PCR―RFLP和RAPD等。依据各个文献宣布时刻及其运用的办法能够得到人参类材分子判定的开展特色：
　　①随机引物虽占有主导地位，但跟着时刻的推移，RAPD等办法逐步推出舞台。无须预先晓得基因组信息的特色，使RAPD在中材分子判定上变成最首要的办法，但跟着18S、matK基因的测序，新办法便得以诞生，如MARMS。一起，在RAPD根底上开展起来的办法也显现了极好的运用远景，如SCAR符号以及运用梯度PCR检查中复方中人参的PCR引物均是从RAPD的特异条带中得到的。
　　②序列剖析是各种新办法运用的根底。植物核基因组中的rDNA是研讨最为广泛的基因之一，其间18S、ITS以及5S已成功的运用与人参西洋参的辨别，能够直接运用测序后的碱基变异作为辨别方针也能够运用等位基因PCR直接检查变异位点，然后经过电泳就可到达精确的辨别。等位基因PCR简略、方便、方针清晰，有非常大的推行运用价值。此外，叶绿体基因中的编码距离区正逐步变成分子系统学研讨的热门，如参类材对叶绿体基因中的matK以及trnC-trnD进行了测序。
　　③简略、方便、精确是分子判定开展的趋势。参类材分子判定的进程基本是随机引物―序列剖析―PCR-RFLP―AFLP―特异引物PCR，表现了由杂乱向简略的进程。近两年来，特异引物的运用以及在复方中参类材的成功检出，标志着参类材的判定到达了非常完满的境地。但这些只是处理了材的“真伪”疑问，质量的“好坏”却依然没有极好的办法，如山参加培养人参、朝鲜人参加我国人参、美国西洋参加我国引种培养西洋参的辨别为咱们提出了新的课题。
　　对于以上疑问，能够在以下几方面加强研讨，以期到达“真伪好坏”辨别的最终方针。
　　一、寻觅进化速率快、种间高度变异的DNA序列进行测序剖析。如叶绿体基因距离区trnD-trnT，rpoB-trnC、trnH-psbA等。种类特征DNA序列的取得是将其转化为简便、高效的PCR辨别以及高通量芯片辨别的根底，一起很多序列的取得，也为中材对比基因组学的研讨供给了也许和根底。
　　二、大力开发新式有用的中材分子符号辨别办法和试剂盒。中材DNA降解严峻，适宜的DNA获取和辨别办法的挑选是确保中材分子符号辨别成功的根底。因而，对已有的各种新式技能和办法，要进行挑选和改善以适于中材辨别的需求。
　　三、活跃与其他技能和办法联用。不一样的办法均存在必定的适用范围和局限性，如因为DNA分子符号不受生物体发育阶段的影响，无法辨别不一样成长年限的材，对同基源（基因型）的野生与培养材的辨别也存在必定艰难，单一的DNA分子符号辨别无法处理中材辨别的一切难题。因而，活跃寻觅与各种新式办法技能的有机联用，将也许为中材辨别供给簇新的空间。如当前飞速开展的代谢组学研讨为中材代谢标识物辨别供给了也许，高通量、高灵敏度的GC-TofMS和QTofMS等仪器能一起调查上千个化合物，监测挨近全景代谢物的改变，该办法不只能观测到首要活性化合物，还能检查到代谢中心产品（包含非活性物质）的改变，不只能反映植物基因型的区别，也能反映环境要素的效果。结合DNA分子符号与代谢标识物的“双符号”办法，将有利于树立与材质量严密连锁的特异、高效的符号渠道，为中材辨别和质量操控供给新的办法和技能。
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